Cogent Engineering magazine, within the Scopus Q2 and Clift classification, published a research by Dr. Haider Moaz Muhammad, Dr. Osama Jassim Naeem, and Dr. Noha Hadi Jassim, teaching staff at the University of Basra, College of Engineering, entitled
Study of the effects of welding parameters on residual stress and hardness in 316 stainless steel pipes
This research included a study of residual stresses and hardness in 316 stainless steel pipes. It focuses on the gap in understanding about how different welding parameters affect these properties. The effect of welding currents (90, 100, 110, 120, 140, and 160 A), metal wire types (6010, 6013, and 7018), and wire diameters (3.2 and 2.25 mm) on mechanical properties are discussed. The study included arc welding experiments, hardness tests, and X-ray tests.
The results show that residual stresses increase with decreasing hardness at different welding conditions, providing a deeper understanding of the relationship between these factors. This study is an important step in expanding knowledge regarding welding processes and its effects

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311916.2023.2283343