A master’s thesis at the College of Engineering at the University of Basrah discussed (the effect of defects variables of welded joints on fatigue life using finite element analysis)
The thesis presented by the student Laila Fadhel Abdel Latif
dealt with Calculation of fatigue life using ANSYS Functional Element Program
2019 Edition) Workbenh
 Different models of representations and opposite objects.

contain types
The disadvantages of welding are:
Incomplete penetration, sub-edge cutting, porosity and misalignment, as well as the effect of defect dimensions on fatigue life
The thesis concluded that there is a good agreement between the finite element modeling and the practical results as well as the theoretical results. With a sub-edge cutting defect, the life of the tire varies depending on the depth, width and length of the defect. With an incomplete penetration defect, the life of the tire varies depending on the depth and length of the defect.